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A word on the drug itself: any decision about a GLP-1 medication, including dose, timing, or stopping, is a conversation for you and your doctor
Muscle cramps can endure from a few seconds to several minutes, often causing lasting tenderness and swelling for up to 72 h after an episode
A multimodal approach is likely needed one that combines medication with nutrition support, physical activity, and ongoing clinical oversight
Risk factors that should prompt consideration of B12 deficiency include advancing age (reduced stomach acid production), strict vegan or vegetarian diets, pernicious anaemia, gastrointestinal surgery (particularly gastric bypass or ileal resection), long-term use of certain medications (metformin, proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists), nitrous oxide exposure (including recreational use), and conditions affecting the gut such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease
GLP-1 medications require ongoing monitoring for side effects, metabolic changes, and dose adjustments