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Functional differences between l- and d-carnitine in metabolic regulation evaluated using a low-carnitine Nile tilapia model
Open 4 , e2137575 (2021)
In summary, this investigation has unveiled the existence of a newly characterised inter-organelle signalling hub in pancreatic -cells which involves active endosomal GLP-1R localisation to ERMCSs via VAPB binding, and engagement of the AKAP SPHKAP to enable ERMCS-restricted cAMP/PKA activity, leading to the phosphorylation of the MICOS complex and ERMCS component MIC19, as well as enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy and improved mitochondrial function, with important implications for the modulation of -cell function and survival, and the potential to serve as a mechanism for GLP-1R-induced -cell mitochondrial adaptation during metabolic stress and excess nutrient exposure
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Carnitine supplementation has been shown to increase testosterone in some people but not others, suggesting an unreliable effect
