These free radicals are natural byproducts of cellular metabolism, but when they accumulate, they cause severe oxidative stress, damaging lipids, proteins, and DNA
[6] [7] If genuine pancreatic insufficiency is suspectedparticularly in patients with a history of pancreatitis, pancreatic surgery, or conditions like cystic fibrosisyour GP can arrange appropriate investigations, including faecal elastase testing (values below 200 g/g suggest exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) and referral to gastroenterology if needed
2017 Jun;230(6):743-751
If you are already familiar with those peptides, the math is identical
doi: 10.1001/jama.295.9.1011 73 KimSMKimSYParkCSChangHSParkKC
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