The most bioavailable form of B12 is found in animal products
It also prevents hardening of the arteries and has been shown to help in the treatment of depression and anxiety
Topical application through cream or serum can work for localized skin improvements, but absorption is limited, concentrations in commercial products are often insufficient, and youre not getting systemic effects that benefit hair follicles, internal wound healing, or broader tissue remodeling
It reduces IFIH1 gene expression, resulting in a complete loss of dsRNA binding activity (106, 108)
That pressure is not going to ease up
The best delivery method depends on your goals: For systemic benefits (anti-inflammation, cognitive support, immune modulation, energy, tissue repair throughout the body): Subcutaneous injection is the clear choice