IGF-1 Elevation Studies Research has documented significant and prolonged IGF-1 increases following peptide blend administration: 1.5- to 3-fold elevation of plasma IGF-1 concentrations lasting 9-11 days after single dose Multiple doses resulted in cumulative effects with IGF-1 remaining elevated for up to 28 days IGF-1 increases correlated with growth hormone pulse amplitude and frequency Liver-mediated IGF-1 production served as primary mediator of downstream anabolic effects Musculoskeletal Research Bone Formation and Density Investigations in rat models have examined the blends effects on bone metabolism and skeletal growth: Dose-dependent increases in longitudinal bone growth rate from 42 mcm/day (vehicle) to 52 mcm/day at highest dose Ipamorelin demonstrated ability to counteract glucocorticoid-induced bone formation suppression in adult rats Preserved bone mineral content and improved trabecular architecture in preclinical models No adverse effects on femur or tibia length or bone composition parameters Bone formation markers and osteoblast activity increased in animal models receiving the peptide combination, suggesting potential applications in osteoporosis research

Higher doses cost more because you're getting more peptide
Also, recent evidence suggests that GSH plays a crucial role in the control of epigenetic mechanisms 3,4,28,29,30,31 either independently or by redox phenomenon
Maggi GC, Lomanto B, and Mazzola, C
Pancreatic beta-cells are rendered glucose-competent by the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1(7-37)
Oxidized To understand the difference between glutathione and reduced glutathione, we have to look at the molecule's "redox" state