The Mitochondrial Peptide That Acts Like a Hormone The mitochondria are ancient organelles: bacterial ancestors that were co-opted by early eukaryotic cells roughly two billion years ago
Atrophic gastritis, a condition that depletes stomach acid, also reduces B12 absorption
Mechanism of Action BPC-157 works through several interconnected pathways
Certain health conditions such as intestinal or stomach problems, poor nutrition, cancer, HIV, pregnancy, old age, veganism, and alcoholism can cause vitamin B12 deficiency
therefore, prescribers usually restrict use to adults unless compelling justification exists
If you think you have a more severe deficiency, its best to see a doctor to get a better idea of the specific supplements your body needs.