doi: 10.1074/jbc.M312483200 30 JiangYCypessAMMuseEDWuCRUnsonCGMerrifieldRBet al
The GLS1-specific inhibitor BPTES significantly inhibited GLS1 expression and increased Gln levels in intestinal tissues (47, 91)
GLP-1 is a natural peptide involved in insulin production and appetite regulation
Secondly, in the liver and kidney, betaine serves as a methyl group donor in betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT, a zinc metalloenzyme) reaction in which betaine transfers its methyl group to homocysteine forming methionine (Ueland, 2011)
However, this change was not significant in STEP 3 ( P = .12)
Inhibiting system Xc reduces GSH production, thereby diminishing the activity of GPX4 and leading to ROS accumulation, ultimately driving ferroptosis in CRC cells [61, 69-72]