Most of what circulates as safety comes from cell studies, animal models, and narrative reviews, several of them authored by people with commercial ties to copper-peptide products
bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus bacteria
Similarly, patients with MDD also had decreased relative abundance of the genera Coprococcus and Faecalibacterium compared to non-depressed individuals in a meta-analysis by Sanada et al
All potential benefits therefore must be weighed cautiously, and treatment is undertaken under medical supervision given that safety and efficacy are not yet established by regulatory authorities
Researchers found that those in the treatment group had a greater decrease in kidney function and an increase in vascular events, including heart attack and stroke
Journal of Chromatography A , 1265, 57-69