glp 1 joint inflammation GLP-1 medications may help improve inflammation, but not because they are “anti-inflammatory drugs.” They improve many of the metabolic drivers of chronic inflammation: • Decreasing visceral fat • Improving insulin resistance The multifaceted role of GLP-1

Exendin-4 has been shown to reduce advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced interleukin (IL)-6 and TNF- production, the expression of receptor for AGE (RAGE), and cell death in mesangial cells (Wang et al., 2014)

Cephalalgia 21 (1), 6670

Using WT mouse caSMCs, brief, 10-minute incubations with GLP-1(2836) caused concentration-dependent increases in ATP (Figure 4A)

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These multilayered epigenetic alterations help explain the persistence of renal injury despite glycemic improvement and may also contribute to transgenerational transmission of disease susceptibility