Type of reaction Enzyme Endogenous conjugating agent Examples of drugs metabolized by the same pathway Glucuronidation UDP- glucuronosyltransferase UDP-Glucoronic acid Chloramphenicol, morphine, paracetamol, salicylic acid, propofol fenoprofen, diazepam Sulfation Sulfotransferases sulfate Paracetamol, salbutamol Glycine/ glutamine conjugation JV-Acyl transferases Glycine Glutamine Cholic acid, salicylic acid, nicotinic acid, phenylacetic acid Glutathione conjugation Glutathione S transferases Glutathione Adriamycin, busulfan, chlorambucil, cis-platin, cyclophosphamide, ethacrynic acid Acetylation N- Acetyl transferases Acetyl-CoA Histamine, procainamide, sulfonamides, isoniazid, hydralazine Methylation Methyl transferase S-Adenosyl-L- methionine Morphine, norephedrine, nicotine, histamine, isoprenaline, propylthiouracil Uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases Glucuronidation is the most common and the most important conjugation reaction
It is better to have too much than too little
What about polyphenols
This dynamic duo consists of: Glutathione: Often called the master antioxidant, Glutathione is a powerful molecule naturally produced by your liver
Doi: Va-Galvn S, Pirmez R, Hermosa-Gelbard , et al
Comprehensive smoking cessation programs include counseling, organized "quit" plans, and when necessary, nicotine replacement therapy (e.g., gum, skin patches, and other methods)