References DAscanio AM, Mullally JA, Frishman WH
The MOTS-C Connection MOTS-C activates AMPK through a mitochondrial stress pathway, improving fat oxidation and cellular energy efficiency
Hyperhomocysteinemia, atherosclerosis and thrombosis
Neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes all express it, and IGF-1 signaling has documented roles in neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, myelination, and neuronal survival

Abbreviations 2-BP: 2-Bromopalmitate ABHD17: / hydrolase domain-containing 17 family ACSL4: Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 AKT1: RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase APLNR: Apelin receptor APT1/2: Acyl protein thioesterase 1/2 ATG2A: Autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A ATG9A: Autophagy-related protein 9 A ATG14L: Autophagy-related protein 14 L ATG16L1: Autophagy-related protein 16-like protein 1 BAX: Bcl-2-associated X protein BCL2: B-cell lymphoma 2 B-RAF: B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase CDKN2A: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 A CLDN4: Claudin-4 CPPs: Cell-penetrating peptides C-RAF: Raf-1 proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase CRPC: Castration-resistant prostate cancer DHHC1-24: Zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 124 DISC: Death-inducing signaling complex EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor FADD: Fas-associated death domain protein FASN: Fatty acid synthase GCB-DLBCL: Germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma GNA13: G protein subunit alpha 13 GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4 GSDMD: Gasdermin D GSDMD-NT: Gasdermin D N-terminal fragment GSDME: Gasdermin E HSC70: Heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein LC3: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 MASH: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis MAVS: Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein MLKL: Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein MOMP: Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization MTF1: Metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 NEK7: NIMA-related kinase 7 NF-B: Nuclear factor kappa-B NLRP3: NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 NOD2: Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 Oct4A: Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 A OPTN: Optineurin P2X7: P2X purinoceptor 7 PATs: Protein acyltransferases PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1 PKM2: Pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 PPT1: Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 PTMs: Posttranslational modifications RAB33B: RAB33B, a member of the RAS oncogene family RIPK1: Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 ROS: Reactive oxygen species SLC7A11: Solute carrier family 7 member 11 SLC31A1: Solute carrier family 31 member 1 STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 STING: Stimulator of interferon genes TEAD: TEA domain TfR1: Transferrin receptor 1 TNFR1: Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 TOLLIP: Toll-interacting protein TRIM7: Tripartite motif-containing protein 7 ULK1: Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase 1 USP19: Ubiquitin-specific protease 19 VPS15: Vacuolar protein sorting 15 WIPI2B: WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2B References Newton K, Strasser A, Kayagaki N, Dixit VM

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