[6] [7] These medicationsincluding semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy), dulaglutide (Trulicity), and liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda)bind to GLP-1 receptors distributed throughout multiple organ systems, triggering a cascade of metabolic effects
[2] [12] GLP-1 medications work by mimicking a naturally occurring hormone produced in the intestines after eating
Many supplements contain stimulants like caffeine or serotonergic ingredients such as 5-HTP or St John's wort, which can cause dangerous interactions including serotonin syndrome, cardiovascular strain, or worsening anxiety
Supplementary Figure S1 lists the primers used
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Long-term intake above the tolerable upper limit of 400 micrograms per day should be avoided unless supervised by a healthcare provider