As a critical molecule in cellular energy metabolism and DNA repair, insufficient NAD+ directly triggers a series of metabolic abnormalities, including impaired mitochondrial function, reduced energy metabolism efficiency, and weakened DNA repair capacity
Treatment of pernicious anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency typically involves 1mg injections daily or alternate daily for 1 to 2 weeks meaning the dose is five thousand times smaller than the single dose used in cyanide poisoning, and therefore urinary discolouration is not expected to be observed
3 mg = 0.15 ml ( 15 units ) If you are ever in doubt, bring your vial and diluent to the clinic - we will reconstitute and demonstrate correct draw-up in person
Malinda et al
The liver can store the vitamin for a long time, so it may take a few years for deficiency and symptoms to develop
Common signs are: Fatigue and weakness Neurological changes, such as numbness or tingling in extremities Megaloblastic anemia, characterized by large, abnormal red blood cells We urge quick medical help if these signs dont go away