Thus, cigarette smoke enhances the in vitro generation of ROS and reduces the antioxidant machinery ( Antioxidant Agents in Graves Orbitopathy According to the guidelines of the European Thyroid Association and of the European Group on Graves Orbitopathy (EUGOGO), a number of therapies can be offered to patients with moderate-to-severe and active GO
Genet Res Int 2014 , 698574 (2014)
rather, it relies on the adequate provision of biochemical precursors and cofactors required to sustain and optimize this intrinsic detoxification system
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