15-amino-acid pentadecapeptide A defined synthetic peptide sequence, characterized for identity in every batch
The 2% and 5% topical formulations require no prescription, though higher concentrations or oral formulations fall under different regulatory categories
For individuals with pernicious anaemia or a condition that prevents B12 absorption, injections are medically necessary because oral supplementation will not be absorbed effectively
Additionally, it resets gene expression, combats inflammation, and supports antioxidant activity, making it a versatile solution for rejuvenating aging skin and hair
A 2025 systematic review found no clinical safety data and only one clinical study, so animal findings do not establish human efficacy
Linkova, N., Khavinson, V., Diatlova, A., Myakisheva, S., & Ryzhak, G