As of now, the pros say theyre a suitable replacement
For others, especially those needing nerve or anemia support, improvements might take weeks or months with consistent injections
Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is naturally found in animal foods
Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, has a cobalt ion at its center
No serious adverse events, liver enzyme elevations, or cardiovascular changes were documented in the Phase 1 safety study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism in 2024
For indexed literature and scientific studies on mitochondrial peptides, consult PubMed MOTS-c Studies