Ind Crops Prod 139:111553
Tan S, Schubert D, Maher P (2001) Oxytosis: a novel form of programmed cell death
ROS includes molecules such as superoxide anion (O 2 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), and hydroxyl radicals (OH), 101,102 which can impair mitochondrial function by damaging mtDNA, proteins, membrane lipids, and other cellular components
However, injectable GHK-Cu is not FDA-approved for cosmetic use
Notes: d-tubocurarine is the prototype non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant
This oil-soluble character also provides some protection against immediate pH disruption, as the peptide tends to sink into lipid-rich skin layers rather than sitting in the acidic water phase