Testing b12 levels during treatment provides the best way to identify any individual decline rather than assuming everyone needs supplementation
Diagnosis typically involves blood tests including full blood count (showing macrocytosis), anti-intrinsic factor antibodies (which are specific for pernicious anaemia), and sometimes anti-parietal cell antibodies
Rare Complications and Contraindications Even though its rare, serious problems can happen with Vitamin B12 shots
B12 deficiency causes fatigue, poor exercise tolerance, impaired cognition, and in severe cases peripheral neuropathy
Morning is often the easiest time because it fits a regular daily routine and may help people remember it
These medications work by mimicking the action of endogenous GLP-1, a gut hormone that regulates appetite and glucose metabolism