Unlike oral B12 supplements, which must first pass through the digestive system, B12 injections are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, providing a quicker, more efficient boost
a 2.5 mg dose draws 0.5 mL, or 50 units
Finally, an unhealthy liver produces less alcohol dehydrogenase
[101] Nanotechnologies used in vitamin B 12 supplementation Conventional administration does not ensure specific distribution and controlled release of vitamin B 12 , for example to bone marrow and nerve cells
In certain circumstancessuch as pregnancy, concurrent illness, or rapid metabolic turnoverB12 requirements may increase, and dosing adjustments may be necessary under medical supervision
PMID 38189492