What they did: A two-phase study, first in a dish with human endothelial cells (HUVECs), then in a live rat with an ischemic limb (= they closed off the artery so that no blood reached the leg)
Tirzepatide's ongoing SURPASS-CVOT trial will provide similar data
It should only be considered after other factors (sleep, stress, dietary drift, exercise changes) have been evaluated and addressed

This new line of pharmaceuticals maximizes the beneficial effects on energy and glucose metabolism while minimizing unwanted side-effects (Tschop and DiMarchi, Glucagon (Gcg) has many beneficial effects on energy homeostasis including the inhibition of food intake, as well as the ability to increase energy expenditure and activate BAT which all lead to a reduction in body weight (reviewed in Habegger et al., Glp1r/ mice treated with the GLP-1/Gcg coagonist experienced a reduction in body weight and fat mass but did not have improvements in glucose tolerance indicating that GLP-1R agonism is required to counteract the hyperglycemic effects of GcgR agonism (Day et al., Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone released from the K-cells of the small intestines and acts on the pancreas to potentiate GSIS (Miyawaki et al., An alternative approach aiming to maximize the efficacy of GLP-1 involves the delivery of nuclear receptor agonists to specific tissues characterized by the expression of GLP-1R

The recommended starting dose is 2.5 mg once weekly, which is gradually increased to the target dose of 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg, depending on the patient's response and tolerability
When IGF-1 binds to its receptor on muscle cells, it activates signaling pathways that promote protein synthesis and inhibit protein breakdown